Swallowing disorders, also known as dysphagia, refers to difficulties or discomfort when chewing or swallowing food and/or liquid. This can be caused by various factors such as neurological conditions, structural abnormalities, or muscle weakness. Swallowing disorders can lead to nutritional deficiencies, dehydration, aspiration pneumonia, and reduced quality of life. Treatment options may include dietary modifications, swallowing therapy, medication, or surgical interventions, depending on the underlying cause of the disorder. Research in this area focuses on understanding the causes of swallowing disorders, developing effective interventions, and improving the overall quality of life for individuals with dysphagia.